Review of Solutions to Global Warming, Air Pollution, and Energy Security
نویسنده
چکیده
Energy required for vehicles Low case High case A1(S1) 2007 onroad vehicle miles traveled in the U.S. (mi/yr) 3.237E+12 3.237E+12 A2 (S2) Total onroad vehicle fleet mileage (mpg) 1.711E+01 1.711E+01 A3=A1/A2 Gallons of fuel (gas+diesel) used (gal/yr) 1.892E+11 1.892E+11 A4 Lower heating value gasoline (MJ/kg) 4.400E+01 4.400E+01 A5 Gasoline density (kg/m3) 7.500E+02 7.500E+02 A6 Gallons per cubic meter (gal/m3) 2.642E+02 2.642E+02 A7=A4*A5/A6 Energy stored in gasoline (MJ/gal) 1.249E+02 1.249E+02 A8=A3*A7 Energy needed to power gasoline vehicles (MJ/yr) 2.363E+13 2.363E+13 A9 (S2) Gasoline vehicle efficiency (fraction) 1.600E-01 1.800E-01 A10=A8*A9 Net energy to power U.S. onroad vehicles (MJ/yr) 3.781E+12 4.254E+12 A11 MJ per kWh 3.600E+00 3.600E+00 A12=A10/A11 Net energy to power U.S. onroad vehicles (kWh/yr) 1.050E+12 1.182E+12
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